Which act established the Federal Employees' Compensation Act (FECA)?

The Federal Employees' Compensation Act (FECA) was originally established by the Federal Employees' Compensation Act of 1916. This act was designed to provide compensation benefits to federal employees who suffered work-related injuries or illnesses, ensuring they received necessary medical care and financial support during their recovery. FECA represents a significant piece of legislation in the realm of workplace safety and workers' rights, focusing specifically on federal workers.

The other acts listed do not correlate with the establishment of FECA. The Occupational Safety and Health Act of 1970 is primarily focused on ensuring safe and healthful working conditions. The Social Security Act of 1935 introduced social insurance programs but is not related to federal employee compensation. Lastly, the Fair Labor Standards Act of 1938 primarily addresses minimum wage and labor practices, rather than compensating workers for injuries sustained in the line of duty. Thus, the 1916 act is distinctly recognized as the foundational legislation for FECA, making it the correct answer.